Coke, in the context of fuel and metallurgy, is a carbon-rich solid material derived primarily from coal and used chiefly in iron and steel production. It is created by heating bituminous coal to high temperatures in the absence of air, a process known as destructive distillation or carbonization. This heating drives off volatile substances such as gases, tars, and oils, leaving behind a porous, nearly pure form of carbon. The resulting product is hard, gray, and lightweight relative to its