Any albedo in visible light falls within a range of about 0.9 for fresh snow to about 0.04 for charcoal, one of the darkest substances.
Albedo refers to the measure of the reflectivity of a surface, precisely how much sunlight is reflected into space compared to how much is absorbed. It is usually expressed as a percentage, where a value of 0% indicates a perfectly absorptive surface (all sunlight is absorbed), and a value of 100% indicates a perfectly reflective surface (all sunlight is reflected).
Doyle’s Space – Space Yodels
An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once. The original word or phrase is known as the subject of the anagram. Any word or phrase that exactly reproduces the letters in another order is an anagram.
Besides the quill and parchment, ink was one of the most basic components of manuscript production.
Iron gall ink (also known as common ink, standard ink, oak gall ink, or iron gall nut ink) is a purple-black or brown-black ink made from iron salts and tannic acids from vegetable sources. The earliest documents are written in iron gall ink on papyrus date back into the first centuries after Christ.
